• ICL - Implantable Collamer Lens (Staar®) or ICL - Implantable Contact Lens 

• IPCL - Implantable Phakic Contact Lens (CareGroup®)

I personally use the term 'ICL' (as in Implantable Contact Lens) to keep the discussion simplified. The use of the exact acronym depends on which supplier is used. It is for all other purposes the same item. 

When the cornea does not allow a LASIK to be performed. This is usually in cases where the spectacle value is too high or the cornea is too thin. It is also sometimes used in some cases of keratoconus. 

The major advantage here is that any size deviation (including myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism) can be corrected.

The largest spectacle value that we have corrected in our practice was a -21.00 / -5.00 x 180. 

Yes, it is seen as a safe surgery. Not statistically as safe as LASIK surgery (which is exceedingly safe) as one has to enter the eye, but still very safe. 

The major advantage is that it is very simple and easy to reverse fully without changing the anatomy of the cornea at all (vs. LASIK). 

Sometimes the space inside the eye is not enough. This is usually the case in high hyperopes.

The cost is quite a bit higher than LASIK Surgery and medical aids do not pay for ICL Surgery.

We always do a small laser procedure prior to the ICL procedure to facilitate fluid dynamics in the eye.